The emergence of psychological sociology "human relations" in the sociology of the United States was preceded by some theoretical and empirical tradition of research on the role of human factors in the organization of production, increasing productivity and lowering the level of social tension.
These traditions were created diverse group of researchers representing various schools of work organization and management of production, established in the XIX-XX centuries. To form the psychology of "human relations" were essential: 1) the concept of "early scientific management" and the system of work organization and management of the American engineer Frederick Taylor and his followers, the proceeds from the significant opportunities for rationalization and optimization of work by the scientific organization and material incentives for workers in accordance with the doctrine of "economic man" (a simplified understanding of the motives and incentives of employment rights, reducing them to the size of financial reward directly related to the results of his work), 2) the idea of the American sociologist Mary Follett on the need to research the psychological aspects of the use of n labor and management, and 3) various studies in the field of "industrial psychology" ("work psychology"), carried out in the first decades of the XX century. U.S., Britain, Germany and elsewhere.
The formation of psychological sociology "human relations" was due not so much abstract theoretical considerations as real practical needs of the developing industry in the U.S., it is strongly demanded the revision of the human factor in production organization and management of one hundred. In this sense (at least at the stage of inception) psychological sociology "human relations" was a line of data-specific case studies and their corresponding conceptual designs in order to increase productivity and reduce labor turnover in the industry. |